دانلود پاورپوینت Optimizing Molecular Weight in Polymer Flood

اختصاصی از حامی فایل دانلود پاورپوینت Optimizing Molecular Weight in Polymer Flood دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

It is surprising to find that, regardless the initial molecular weight of the polymer injected,  the molecular weight of the polymer in the produced water is low, around 4 to 10 million. The questions that leap to our minds are:

–What is the viscosity of the brine inside the reservoir ?

–What is the efficiency of the motor fluid ?

–Which are the parameters affecting this efficiency ?

–How can the polymer flood be optimized ?

Average molecular weight:

Polyacrylamides are formed of very long chain of polymers, several million Daltons, and the average molecular weight does not represent the length of the chain. A polymer is a mixture of long and short chains. In fact, even with very different average MW, a part of the molecules are the same.

Chemical degradation:

The mechanism of chemical degradation is the formation of free radicals that cut the chain

These free radicals are formed by the reaction of an oxidizer with a reducer (redox)

The high molecular weight chains are more sensitive to chemical degradation, especially those above 15 million MW

The best polyacrylamide stability is found in a reducing media

 

شامل 17 اسلاید powerpoint

Optimizing a reverse supply chain including quality assurance consideration

اختصاصی از حامی فایل Optimizing a reverse supply chain including quality assurance consideration دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

6 صفحه pdf

Abstract
Reverse supply chain is a process dealing with the backward flows of used/damagedproducts or materials.
Reverse supply chain includes activities such as collection, inspection, reprocess, disposal and redistribution. A
well-organized reverse supply chain can provide important advantages such as economic and environmental
ones. In this study, we propose a configuration in which quality assurance is a substantial operation to be fulfilled
in the reverse chain so that to minimize the total costs of the reverse supply chain. A mathematical model is
formulated for product return in reverse supply chainconsidering quality assurance. We consider a multilayer,
multi-product for the model. The main objective of the paper is minimizing the total costs of reverse supply
chain with respect to inspection.