سورس این برنامه شامل :
رسم نمودار ضریب شکست بر حسب فرکانس و دیسپرژن به ازای مد های TE و TM در یک موجبر نوری و نیز نمودار نرمالیزه شده ضخامت و گاما
[مربوط به درس روش های عددی در مهندسی فوتونیک مقطع کارشناسی ارشد]
ABSTRACT
Numerous health behavior theories (HBTs), each which attempt to explain
why individuals engage in (or fail to engage in) health-related behaviors,
exist in the literature. While much attention has been devoted to testing
individual theories, little attention has been paid to issues that arise in the
selection of theories. The current article has three goals. First, to describe
some of the most widely used individual-level HBTs. Second, to discuss
the application of these theories to successful health promotion efforts. And
finally, to compare and contrast numerous HBTs and provide an example
for how a selected theory might be applied to a health education program.
The overriding goal is to provide guidance to researchers, health educators
and other interventionists with regard to the important decision of which
theory to use as a basis for one’s health promotion efforts.
هندبوک راهنمای نصب تجهیزات برقی
About the Author
Acknowledgements
What’s New in the 2008 Edition of This Book?
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Background and General Information (ASME B31.3, Foreword,
Introduction and Chapter I)
1.1 History of ASME B31.3
1.2 Scope of ASME B31.3
1.3 What is Piping?
1.4 Intent
1.5 Responsibilities
1.5.1 Owner
1.5.2 Designer
1.5.3 Manufacturer, Fabricator, and Erector
1.5.4 Owner’s Inspector
1.6 How is ASME B31.3 Developed and Maintained?
1.7 Code Editions, Errata and Code Cases
1.8 How Do I Get Answers to Questions About the Code?
1.9 How Can I Change the Code?
Chapter 2
Organization of ASME B31.3
2.1 Fluid Services
2.2 Code Organization
2.3 Listed Components
2.4 Listed Materials
2.5 Safeguarding
Chapter 3
Design Conditions and Criteria (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Parts 1 and 6)
3.1 Design Conditions
3.1.1 Design Pressure
3.1.2 Design Temperature
Insert 3.1 Calculation of Wall Temperature for Refractory-Lined Pipe
3.1.3 Design Minimum Temperature
3.2 Allowable Stress
3.3 Quality Factors
3.4 Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors
Insert 3.2 Background on Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors
3.5 Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations
3.6 Overpressure Protection
Chapter 4
Pressure Design (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Part 2)
4.1 Methods for Internal Pressure Design
4.2 Pressure Design of Straight Pipe for Internal Pressure
Insert 4.1 Sample Wall Thickness Calculation
Insert 4.2 Basic Stress Calculations for Cylinders Under Pressure
4.3 Pressure Design of Straight Pipe Under External Pressure
4.4 Pressure Design of Welded Branch Connections
4.5 Pressure Design of Extruded Outlet Header
4.6 Additional Considerations for Branch Connections Under External Pressure
4.7 Branch Connections That are Presumed to be Acceptable
4.8 Pressure Design of Bends and Elbows
4.9 Pressure Design of Miter Bends
4.10 Pressure Design of Closures
4.11 Pressure Design of Flanges
4.12 Pressure Design of Blind Flanges
4.13 Pressure Design of Blanks
4.14 Pressure Design of Reducers
4.15 Pressure Design of Unlisted Components
Chapter 5
Limitations on Components and Joints (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Parts 3 and 4)
5.1 Overview
5.2 Valves
5.3 Flanges
5.4 Fittings, Bends, Miters, and Branch Connections
5.5 Bolting
5.6 Welded Joints
5.7 Flanged Joints
5.8 Threaded Joints
5.9 Tubing Joints
5.10 Miscellaneous Joints
Chapter 6
Design for Sustained and Occasional Loads (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Part 1)
6.1 Primary Longitudinal Stress
6.2 Sustained Longitudinal Stress
Insert 6.1 Span Limits for Elevated Temperature Piping
6.3 Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads
Chapter 7
Design Criteria for Thermal Stress (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Part 1)
7.1 Allowable Stress for Thermal Expansion
Insert 7.1 What About Vibration?
7.2 How to Combine Different Displacement Cycle Conditions
Chapter 8
Flexibility Analysis (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Part 5)
8.1 Flexibility Analysis
8.2 When is Formal Flexibility Analysis Required?
8.3 When is Computer Stress Analysis Typically Used?
8.4 Stress Intensification Factors
8.5 Flexibility Analysis Equations
8.6 Cold Spring
Insert 8.1 How to Increase Piping Flexibility
8.7 Elastic Follow-up/Strain Concentration
8.8 Effect of Elastic Modulus Variations Due to Temperature
8.9 Alternative Rules for Flexibility Analysis
Chapter 9
Supports (ASME B31.3, Chapter II, Part 5)
9.1 Overview of Supports
9.2 Materials and Allowable Stress
9.3 Design of Supports
Insert 9.1 Spring Design
Insert 9.2 Stress Classification
9.4 Fabrication of Supports
Chapter 10
Load Limits for Attached Equipment
10.1 Overview of Equipment Load Limits
10.2 Pressure Vessels
10.3 Other Equipment Load Limits
10.4 Means of Reducing Loads on Equipment
Chapter 11
Requirements for Materials (ASME B31.3, Chapter III)
11.1 Overview of Material Requirements
11.2 Qualification of Unlisted Materials
11.3 Use of Materials Above the Highest Temperature for Which Allowable
Stresses Are Provided
11.4 Low-Temperature Service
11.5 When is Impact Testing Required?
11.6 Impact Test Requirements
11.7 Fluid Service Limitations
11.8 How to Use the Allowable Stress Tables in Appendix A of the Code
Chapter 12
Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection (ASME B31.3, Chapter V)
12.1 Overview of Chapter V of ASME B31.3
12.2 General Welding Requirements
Insert 12.1 Arc Welding Processes
12.3 Welding Procedure Specification
12.4 Welding Procedure Qualification Record
12.5 Welder Performance Qualification
12.6 Preheating
12.7 Heat Treatment
12.8 Governing Thickness for Heat Treatment
12.9 Pipe Bends
12.10 Brazing and Soldering
Insert 12.2 Brazing
12.11 Bolted Joints
12.12 Welded Joint Details
12.13 Miscellaneous Assembly Requirements
Chapter 13
Examination (ASME B31.3, Chapter VI)
13.1 Overview of Examination Requirements
13.2 Progressive Examination
13.3 Types of Examination
13.4 Required Examination
13.5 Acceptance Criteria
13.6 Examination of Nonmetallics
Chapter 14
Pressure Testing (ASME B31.3, Chapter VI)
14.1 Overview of Pressure Test Requirements
14.2 Hydrostatic Test
14.3 Pneumatic Test
14.4 Hydropneumatic Test
14.5 Alternative Leak Test
14.6 Sensitive Leak Test
14.7 Jacketed and Vacuum Piping
14.8 Initial Service Leak Test
14.9 Closure Welds
14.10 Requirements for Nonmetallic Piping
Chapter 15
Nonmetallic Piping (ASME B31.3, Chapter VII)
15.1 Organization
15.2 Design Conditions
15.3 Allowable Stress
15.4 Pressure Design
15.5 Limitations on Components and Joints
15.6 Flexibility and Support
15.7 Materials
15.8 Bonding of Plastics
Insert 15.1 Bonding Processes
15.9 Other Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection Requirements
15.10 Examination and Testing
Chapter 16
Category M Piping (ASME B31.3, Chapter VIII)
16.1 When to Use the Rules for Category M Fluid Service
16.2 Organization of Chapter VIII of ASME B31.3
16.3 Overview of Metallic Rules
16.4 Overview of Nonmetallic Rules
16.5 General Comments
Chapter 17
High-Pressure Piping (ASME B31.3, Chapter IX)
17.1 Scope of Chapter IX of ASME B31.3
17.2 Organization of Chapter IX of ASME B31.3
17.3 Pressure Design of High-Pressure Piping
17.4 External Pressure
17.5 Design for Sustained and Occasional Loads
17.6 Design for Thermal Expansion and Fatigue
17.7 Materials
17.8 Fabrication
17.9 Examination
17.10 Testing
17.11 Records
Chapter 18
Bellows Expansion Joints (ASME B31.3, Appendix X)
18.1 Overview of Bellows Requirements
18.2 Rules for Pressure Design
18.3 Fatigue Design
18.4 Unreinforced-Bellows Fatigue Curve Development
18.5 Reinforced-Bellows Fatigue Curve Development
18.6 Fatigue Design for Other Alloys
18.7 Correlation Testing
18.8 Elevated-Temperature Design
18.9 Shop Test of Expansion Joints
18.10 Field Test of Piping Systems with Expansion Joints
18.11 Future Developments
Insert 18.1 Pressure Thrust Considerations
Appendix I
Useful Information for Pressure Design
Appendix II
Guidelines for Computer Flexibility Analysis
Appendix III
Useful Information for Flexibility Analysis
Appendix IV
Expansion Joint Guide
Appendix V
Conversion Factors
References
Index
قیمت اصلی کتاب(صرفاً جهت اطلاع): بیش از 315,000 تومان
Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Fourth Edition VOLUME 2
Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the
Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes
ناشر : موسسه ASME
سال انتشار : 2012
فرمت کتاب: PDF
Dedication to the First Edition
Robert E. Nickell and William E. Cooper
Acknowledgements (to the First Edition)
Acknowledgements (to the Second Edition)
Acknowledgements (to the Third Edition)
Acknowledgements (to the Fourth Edition)
Contributor Biographies
Preface (to the First Edition)
K. R. Rao and Robert E. Nickell
Preface (to the Second Edition)
K. R. Rao
Preface (to the Third Edition)
K. R. Rao
Preface (to the Fourth Edition)
K. R. Rao
Introduction
Organization and Operation of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
PART 6: SECTION VIII – RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION
OF PRESSURE VESSELS
CHAPTER 21 Section VIII–Division 1: Rules for
Construction of Pressure Vessels
Thomas P. Pastor
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Section VIII, Division 1, Foreword
21.3 Section VIII, Division 1, Introduction
21.4 Subsection A: General Requirements for
All Methods of Construction and All Materials
21.5 Subsection B–Requirements Pertaining to
Methods of Fabrication of Pressure Vessels
21.6 Subsection C: Requirements Pertaining to
Classes of Materials
21.7 Mandatory Appendices
21.8 Nonmandatory Appendices
21.9 References
CHAPTER 22 Section VIII–Division 2:
Alternative Rules
David A. Osage, Clay D. Rodery, Thomas P. Pastor
Robert G. Brown, Philip A. Henry, and
James C. Sowinski
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Organization of VIII–2
22.3 Part 1 – General Requirements
22.4 Part 2 – Responsibilities and Duties
22.5 Part 3 – Materials Requirements
22.6 Part 4 – Design-By-Rule
22.7 Part 5 – Design-By-Analysis
22.8 Part 6 – Fabrication Requirements
22.9 Part 7 – Inspection and Examination
Requirements
22.10 Part 8 – Pressure Testing Requirements
22.11 Part 9 – Pressure Vessel Overpressure
Protection
22.12 References
CHAPTER 23 Section VIII, Division 3–Alternative Rules
for Construction of High-Pressure Vessels
J. Roberts Sims Jr
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Foreword and Policy Statements
23.3 Part KG–General Requirements
23.4 Part KM–Material Requirements
23.5 Part KD–Design Requirements
23.6 Part KF–Fabrication Requirements
23.7 Part KR–Pressure-Relief Devices
23.8 Part KE–Examination Requirements
23.9 Part KT–Testing Requirements
23.10 Part KS–Marking, Stamping,
Reports, and Records
23.11 Mandatory and Nonmandatory Appendices
23.12 Recommendations for Further Development
of Division 3
CHAPTER 24 Safety of Personnel Using
Quick-Actuating Closures on Pressure Vessels
and Associated Litigation Issues
Roger F. Reedy
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Background
24.3 History of the Rules Governing
Quick-Actuating Closures
24.4 The Future
24.5 Conclusion
24.6 References
PART 7: SECTION IX OF B&PV CODE – WELDING AND
BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS
CHAPTER 25 Welding and Brazing Qualifications
Joel G. Feldstein
25.1 Introduction
25.2 History of Section IX
25.3 Organization of Section IX
25.4 Welding Processes
25.5 Classification of Materials
25.6 Qualification of Welding Procedures
25.7 Qualification of Welders and
Welding Operators
25.8 Impact Tested Weld Procedures
25.9 Testing and Examination Requirements
25.10 Corrosion-Resistant and Hardfacing Overlay
25.11 Brazing
25.12 Future Actions for Section IX’s Consideration
PART 8: SECTION X OF B&PV CODE
CHAPTER 26 Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure
Vessels and ASME RTP-1 – Reinforced Thermoset
Plastic Corrosion-Resistance Equipment
Peter Conlisk and Bernard F. Shelley
26.1 Introduction
26.2 FRP Technology
26.3 Fabrication Methods
26.4 Stress Analysis of FRP Vessels
26.5 Scopes of Section X and RTP-1
26.6 Design Qualifications of Section X and
RTP-1 Vessels
26.7 Section X: Example Design Specification
26.8 Section X: Example Design Calculations
26.9 RTP-1: Example 1 Design Specification
26.10 RTP-1: Design Example 2
26.11 Quality Assurance of Section X and
RTP-1 Vessels
26.12 References
PART 9: SECTION XI OF B&PV CODE – RULES FOR
INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER
PLANT COMPONENTS
CHAPTER 27 Overview of Section XI Stipulations
Owen Hedden
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Development of Scope and Content
of Section XI
27.3 Future Issues
27.4 Applicability of Code Editions and Addenda,
and the Use and Content of Code Cases
and Interpretations
27.5 Efforts That Did Not Reach Publications
27.6 Acknowledgments
27.7 References
27.8 Bibliography
27.9 Appendix A: Code Cases
27.10 Appendix B: Interpretations
CHAPTER 28 Repair/Replacement Activities for
Nuclear Power Plant Items
Richard E. Gimple and Richard W. Swayne
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Background of Repair/Replacement Activity
Requirements
28.3 Scope and Applicability of Repair/
Replacement Activity Requirements
28.4 Alternative Requirements
28.5 Responsibilities
28.6 Repair/Replacement Program and Plan
28.7 Additional General Requirements
28.8 Requirements for Items Used in a
Repair/Replacement Activity
28.9 Design Associated with Repair/Replacement
Activities
28.10 Welding, Brazing, Metal Removal,
Fabrication and Installation
28.11 Examination and Testing Requirements
28.12 Alternatives to Construction Code Welding
28.13 Plugging and Sleeving of Heat
Exchanger Tubing
28.14 Code Cases
28.15 Future Considerations
28.16 References
CHAPTER 29 Section XI: Rules for Inservice
Inspection and Tests of Nuclear Power Plant
Components
Richard W. Swayne
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Preface
29.3 Organization
29.4 Article IWA-1000: Scope and Responsibility
29.5 Article IWA-2000: Examination and Inspection
29.6 IWA-2000: Qualifications of Nondestructive
Examination Personnel
29.7 Mandatory Appendix VII: Qualification of
Nondestructive Examination Personnel for UT
29.8 IWA 2420: Inspection Program
29.9 IWA 2420: Inspection Plans and Schedules
29.10 IWA 2430: Inspection Intervals
29.11 IWA 2440: Application of Code Cases
29.12 IWA 2500: Extent of Examination
29.13 IWA 2600:Weld Reference System
29.14 Subsections IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF/IWL:
Requirements for Class 1, 2, 3, MC,
and CC Components and Supports
29.15 Exemptions from the Examination Requirements
29.16 Class 1, 2, and 3 Components and Their
Supports Exempt from Examination
29.17 Class MC Components and Liners of Class
CC Components Exempt from Examination
29.18 Portions of Reinforced Concrete Containment
Vessels and Their Posttensioning Systems
Exempt from Examination
29.19 IWF-1300: Component Support Examination
Boundaries
29.20 IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF-2000: Examination
and Inspection
29.21 Combining Preservice Examinations with
Construction Code Shop and
Field Examinations
29.22 IWE-2300: Visual Examination, Personnel
Qualification, and the Responsible Individual
29.23 IWL-2300: Visual Examination, Personnel
Qualification, and the Responsible Engineer
29.24 IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF/IWL-2400:
Inspection Schedule
29.25 IWL-2400: Inspection Schedule
29.26 IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF-2420: Successive
Inspections
29.27 IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF-2430: Additional
Examinations
29.28 IWB/IWC/IWD/IWE/IWF-2500: Examination
and Pressure Test Requirements
29.29 Unique Aspects of Containment Vessel
Examination
29.30 IWL-2500: Examination Requirements
29.31 Unique Aspects of the Component Support
Examination
29.32 IWA-5000: System Pressure Tests
29.33 IWA-5110: Periodic System Pressure Tests
29.34 IWA-5120: System Pressure Tests for
Repair/Replacement Activities
29.35 IWA-5200: System Test Requirements
29.36 IWA/IWB/IWC/IWD-5220: Test Pressurization
Boundaries
29.37 IWA-5240: Visual Examination
29.38 IWA-5250: Corrective Action
29.39 IWA-5260: Instruments for System
Hydrostatic Tests
29.40 IWA-5300: Test Records
29.41 IWA-6000: Records and Reports
29.42 IWA-6300: Retention
29.43 Risk-Informed Inservice Inspection
29.44 High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors
CHAPTER 30 Section XI Flaw Acceptance Criteria
and Evaluation Using Code Procedures
Russell C. Cipolla
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Evaluation of Examination Results (IWA-3000)
30.3 Acceptance of Flaws (IWB-3500)
30.4 Evaluation of Flaws in Components
(IWB-3600)
30.5 Evaluation of Flaws in Reactor Head
Penetrations Components (IWB-3660)
30.6 Evaluation of Flaws in Piping (IWB-3640)
30.7 Evaluation of Pipe Wall Thinning
30.8 Temporary Acceptance of Flaws
30.9 Evaluation of Plant Operating Events
(IWB-3700)
30.10 Evaluation of Class 2, 3, MC, and
NF Components
30.11 Recent and Future Developments in
Flaw Evaluation
30.12 References
CHAPTER 31 IWE and IWL
Jim E. Staffiera
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Regulatory Requirements for Containments
31.3 ASME Code Requirements for Containments
31.4 General Requirements
31.5 Requirements for Metal (Class MC)
Containments
31.6 Requirements for Concrete (Class CC)
Containments
31.7 Later Code Editions and Addenda
31.8 Code Cases and Interpretations
31.9 Advance Nuclear Power Plant Designs
31.10 References
CHAPTER 32 Fatigue Crack Growth, Fatigue
and Stress Corrosion Crack Growth:
Section XI Evaluation
Warren H. Bamford
32.1 Fatigue Crack Growth Analyses
32.2 Stress Corrosion Crack Growth
32.3 Operating Plant Fatigue Assessment:
Section XI, Appendix L
32.4 References
CHAPTER 33 Applications of Elastic-Plastic Fracture
Mechanics in Section XI, ASME Code Evaluations
Hardayal S. Mehta
33.1 Introduction
33.2 Early Progress in the Development of EPFM
33.3 Engineering Approach to EPFM and
Piping Applications
33.4 Application to RPV Evaluation
33.5 References
PART 10: SECTION XII OF B&PV CODE
CHAPTER 34 Description of Rules of Section XII
Transport Tank Code
Mahendra D. Rana and Stanley Staniszewski
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Rules on General Requirements, Pressure,
Relief Devices, Stamping, Marking
Certification, Reports and Records
34.3 Rules for Materials and Design
34.4 Rules on Fabrication and Inspection
34.5 Additional Rules in Modal Appendix I on
Categories 406, 407, 412, 331 and
338 Cargo Tanks
34.6 New Appendix on Rules on Cold
Stretched Vessels
34.7 Conclusions
34.8 Acknowledgment
34.9 References
PART 11: ASME B31 CODES
CHAPTER 35 ASME Piping Code: B31.1,
Power Piping
Jimmy E. Meyer and Joe Frey
35.1 Introduction
35.2 Scope and Definitions
35.3 Design
35.4 Materials
35.5 Dimensional Requirements
35.6 Fabrication, Assembly and Erection
35.7 Inspection, Examination, and Testing
35.8 Operations and Maintenance
35.9 Appendices in the Code
35.10 References
CHAPTER 36 ASME Piping Codes: B31.3 Process,
B31.5 Refrigeration, B31.9 Building Services and
ASME Standards for Piping: B31E Seismic Design,
B31J Stress I-Factors, B31T Toughness Requirements
Jimmy E. Meyer
36.1 Coverage
36.2 References
CHAPTER 37 Transportation Pipelines, Including
ASME B31.4, B31.8, B31.8S, B31.11, B31G,
and B31Q Codes
Michael J. Rosenfeld
37.1 Introduction
37.2 ASME B31.4 “Transportation Systems for
Liquid Hydrocarbons and other Liquids”
37.3 ASME B31.8 “Gas Transmission and
Distribution Piping Systems”
37.4 ASME B31.8S “Managing System Integrity
of Gas Pipelines”, Supplement to B31.8
37.5 ASME B31.11 “Slurry Transportation
Piping Systems”
37.6 ASME B31G “Manual for Determining the
Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines”
37.7 ASME B31Q “Pipeline Personnel
Qualification”
37.8 Acknowledgements
37.9 References
CHAPTER 38 Hydrogen Piping and Pipe Lines
Louis E. Hayden
38.1 Background and General Information
38.2 Organization of B31.12
38.3 Part GR-General Requirements
38.4 Part GR; Materials
38.5 GR-3 Welding, Brazing, Heat Treating,
Forming, and Testing
38.6 GR-4 Inspection, Examination and Testing
38.7 GR-5 Operation and Maintenance
38.8 GR-6 Quality System Program for Hydrogen
Piping and Pipeline Systems
38.9 Part IP-2 Design Conditions and Criteria
38.10 IP-3 Pressure Design of Piping Components
38.11 IP-7 Specific Piping Systems
38.12 IP-8.1 Dimensional Requirements
38.13 IP-8.2 Ratings of Components
38.14 IP10 Inspection, Examination, and Testing
38.15 PL Pipelines
38.16 Chapter PL-2 Pipeline Systems Components
and Fabrication Details
38.17 Mandatory Appendix III Safeguarding
38.18 References
قیمت اصلی کتاب(صرفاً جهت اطلاع): بیش از 1,200,000 تومان