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حامی فایل

مرجع دانلود فایل ,تحقیق , پروژه , پایان نامه , فایل فلش گوشی

پاورپوینت Brain Pacemaker

اختصاصی از حامی فایل پاورپوینت Brain Pacemaker دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

پاورپوینت Brain Pacemaker


پاورپوینت Brain Pacemaker

 

نوع فایل:  ppt _ pptx ( پاورپوینت )

( قابلیت ویرایش )

 


 قسمتی از اسلاید : 

 

تعداد اسلاید : 49 صفحه

Brain Pacemaker What’s Parkinson? Parkinson’s disease is caused by loss of a chemical in the brain called dopamine.
Parkinsonian tremor appears to be caused by a population of neurons located in the thalamus and the basal ganglia.
These neurons fire in a synchronized and intrinsically periodical manner at a frequency similar to that of the tremor, regardless of any feedback signals.
Four Typical Symptoms Tremor (involuntary rhythmic shaking) Rigidity (stiffness of the limbs), Bradykinesia / Akinesia (slowness of movement / no movement) Postural instability (problems with balance or coordination) What Does DBS Do? Electrical deep brain stimulation (DBS)is performed by administering a permanent high-frequency (HF)(>100 Hz) periodic pulse train via the depth electrodes.
A patient before surgery; he is 'off' which means the medications are not working, he is unable to get up and stand on his own, he cannot walk independently.
The same patient is seen here after bilateral STN stimulation. He has not taken any medication. He can stand up and walk around normally.
Percentage dependent on the experience of the team. Most serious: - stroke or haemorrhage - cognitive decline - depression or behavioural problems - speech difficulty - infection Risks of surgery Electrodes can be implanted in different parts of the brain, according to the disease or the symptoms.
Common DBS Systems 1)Medtronic Activa Parkinson’s Control Therapy(Medtronic Inc.,Approved by FDA on January 2002) 2)Vagus Nerve Stimulation(Cybernetic Inc.), to prevent epileptic seizures Medtronic Activa System Implanted Component: NeuroStimulator DBSTM Lead Extension NeuroStimulator - The delivery of electrical signals to the brain cells.
- The electrical signals may block some of the incorrect messages processed by the brain in the areas that control movement.
DBSTM Lead Extension Patient Component: Control Magnet Start-Up Component: -The Neurological Test Stimulator -Physician Programmer -Lead Frame Kit The Neurological Test Stimulator The time period during the Activa System implant procedure where brain stimulation is evaluated to determine how well it controls your symptoms.
Physician Programmer A small computer that is used to program the Activa System. The doctor can change the therapy settings using this programmer.
Activa Therapy increased "on" time (periods of good motor function and symptom relief) by an average of more than 6 hours per day 12 months after surgery. Stereotactic Surgery Uses computers to create 3-D images of the brain Frame-Based Frameless Frame_based: Light-weight frame is attached to the head using local anesthesia.
The head is imaged by CT, MRI or Angiography to identify the target in relationship

  متن بالا فقط قسمتی از محتوی متن پاورپوینت میباشد،شما بعد از پرداخت آنلاین ، فایل را فورا دانلود نمایید 

 


  لطفا به نکات زیر در هنگام خرید دانلود پاورپوینت:  ................... توجه فرمایید !

  • در این مطلب، متن اسلاید های اولیه قرار داده شده است.
  • به علت اینکه امکان درج تصاویر استفاده شده در پاورپوینت وجود ندارد،در صورتی که مایل به دریافت  تصاویری از ان قبل از خرید هستید، می توانید با پشتیبانی تماس حاصل فرمایید
  • پس از پرداخت هزینه ،ارسال آنی پاورپوینت خرید شده ، به ادرس ایمیل شما و لینک دانلود فایل برای شما نمایش داده خواهد شد
  • در صورت  مشاهده  بهم ریختگی احتمالی در متون بالا ،دلیل آن کپی کردن این مطالب از داخل اسلاید ها میباشد ودر فایل اصلی این پاورپوینت،به هیچ وجه بهم ریختگی وجود ندارد
  • در صورتی که اسلاید ها داری جدول و یا عکس باشند در متون پاورپوینت قرار نخواهند گرفت.
  • هدف فروشگاه جهت کمک به سیستم آموزشی برای دانشجویان و دانش آموزان میباشد .

 



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پاورپوینت Brain Pacemaker

Organs at risk in the brain and their dose-constraints in adults and in children: A radiation oncologist’s guide for delineatio

اختصاصی از حامی فایل Organs at risk in the brain and their dose-constraints in adults and in children: A radiation oncologist’s guide for delineation in everyday practice دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Purpose: Accurate organs at risk definition is essential for radiation treatment of brain tumors. The aim of this study is to provide a stepwise and simplified contouring guide to delineate the OARs in the brain as it would be done in the everyday practice of planning radiotherapy for brain cancer treatment.
Methods: Anatomical descriptions and neuroimaging atlases of the brain were studied. The dosimetric
constraints used in literature were reviewed.
Results: A Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging based detailed atlas was developed jointly by radiation oncologists, a neuroradiologist and a neurosurgeon. For each organ brief anatomical notion, main radiological reference points and useful considerations are provided.
Recommended dose-constraints both for adult and pediatric patients were also provided.
Conclusions: This report provides guidelines for OARs delineation and their dose-constraints for the treatment planning of patients with brain tumors.

Radiotherapy atlasوOrgans at riskوBrain contouring atlasوNormal tissueوDose-constraintsوOptic chiasm


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Organs at risk in the brain and their dose-constraints in adults and in children: A radiation oncologist’s guide for delineation in everyday practice